不同成熟度對(duì)烤煙煙葉品質(zhì)和安全性指標(biāo)的影響
Influence of the Different Maturity on Indexes of Quality and Security for Flue-cured Tobacco Leaves
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摘要: 為探討不同成熟度對(duì)烤煙煙葉主要品質(zhì)成分和安全性指標(biāo)的影響,，以烤煙品種G80為材料，對(duì)相同生產(chǎn)條件下不同成熟度烤煙煙葉主要化學(xué)成分和煙氣安全性指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了研究,。結(jié)果表明,，沒有充分成熟的烤煙煙葉在品質(zhì)和安全性指標(biāo)上均較差。過熟烤煙煙葉除葡萄糖含量變化不明顯外,，果糖,、麥芽糖、蔗糖等水溶性糖和石油醚提取物,、總揮發(fā)酸及鉀含量均大幅度降低,；而氮、煙堿,、揮發(fā)堿和揮發(fā)堿/煙堿等重要化學(xué)指標(biāo)明顯升高,。過熟烤煙煙葉的焦油含量雖然較低，但煙氣的稠環(huán)芳烴類化合物總量與適熟烤煙差異并不明顯,，其中苯并a芘含量有明顯升高的趨勢(shì),。鑒于適熟烤煙煙葉的各項(xiàng)品質(zhì)指標(biāo)綜合表現(xiàn)較好，故在中式烤煙型卷煙為主的市場(chǎng)條件下,，應(yīng)將采購(gòu)煙葉的成熟度控制在適度成熟為好,。Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of varous maturity on indexes of quality and security for flue-cured tobacco leaves, the different indexes of chemical components that were related to quality and security of the flue-cured tobacco leaves with different maturity under a consistent growing condition were researched by taking cultivar G80 as trial materials. The results demonstrated that the quality and usability of unripe tobacco leaves were lower than those of mellow leaves. The contents of carbonaceous compounds, such as soluble saccharide, petroleum ether extract and volatile acid in mellow leaves were higher than in overripe leaves, but nitrous compounds, such as nicotine, total nitrogen, volatile alkali, in mellow leaves were lower than in overripe leaves. Although the contents of tar in overripe leaves were remarkably low, the release amount of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon was as much as that in mellow leaves. It is better to control maturity in a mellow range to produce and purchase flue-cured tobacco leaves because the cigarette market is mostly one of Chinese style flue-cured tobacco type.
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