湖北煙區(qū)氣候與土壤生態(tài)因素分析
Analysis of Climate and Soil Ecological Factors in Hubei Tobacco Growing Regions
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摘要: 分析了湖北煙區(qū)烤煙種植的氣候因素和土壤養(yǎng)分含量狀況,。結(jié)果表明：(1)湖北煙區(qū)烤煙大田生長(zhǎng)期氣溫較適宜,，降雨充沛，溫?zé)釛l件能夠滿足烤煙生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育的需求,，并具有無(wú)霜期長(zhǎng),、≥10℃積溫高、日均溫≥20℃持續(xù)天數(shù)多的特點(diǎn),，但降雨量分布存在較大的時(shí)空變異,。(2)土壤物理性狀較為理想，具有較強(qiáng)的保肥能力,，pH值較適宜,，有機(jī)質(zhì)含量豐富,，土壤氮素、磷素和鉀素含量較能滿足煙株需求,；鈣鎂比值不平衡,，有效硫含量較高；大多數(shù)微量元素含量豐富,，但有效硼和水溶性氯含量不足,。(3)分別基于氣候因素和土壤因素指標(biāo)，采用聚類分析法將湖北植煙縣(市)分為3個(gè)片區(qū),，對(duì)各片區(qū)的氣候和土壤因素進(jìn)行了描述,。Abstract: The status of the climate factors and soil nutrients of Hubei flue-cured tobacco growing regions were analyzed. The results indicated that: (1) Hubei tobacco growing regions had reasonable temperature and abundant precipitation during field periods. Sunlight hours were sufficence for the growth and development for flue-cured tobacco. In addition, it had a long frost free period, high accumulated temperature of ≥10℃, a long period of time with daily average temperature of ≥20℃. But there existed large space time variation for distribution of precipitation. (2) The soil had good physical characteristics, strong capability of storing nutrients and suitable pH value. The content of organic matter was rich and the contents of N, P and K could meet the requirements of tobacco growth and development. The ratio of exchangeable Ca to Mg was unbalanced, and available S was rich. The contents of most microelements were rich also, but available B and water soluble Cl were lacking. (3) Based on the indexes of climate factors and soil factors respectively, Hubei tobacco growing areas could be classified into three groups by cluster analysis. The traits of climate factors and soil factors for different groups were described briefly.
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